![]() Physicists have been experimenting with a range of hardware for building quantum computers, including traps for individual ions or neutral atoms. Qubits are the quantum equivalent of the bits of ordinary computers, and can be in a superposition of the ‘0’ and ‘1’ states and be entangled with one another. Quantum computers employ peculiarly quantum phenomena, such as the ability of an object to exist in a simultaneous ‘superposition’ of two states, and of multiple objects to share a common quantum state, in what physicists call entanglement. Maniscalco’s company is developing algorithms for quantum-chemistry calculations that use error mitigation. Sabrina Maniscalco, chief executive of quantum-computing start-up Algorithmiq in Helsinki, says that the experiment provides a benchmark for the state-of-the-art in quantum computers. Their ‘error-mitigating’ techniques enabled the team to do quantum calculation “at a scale where classical computers will struggle”, says Katie Pizzolato, who heads IBM’s quantum theory group in Yorktown Heights, New York.Īlthough the problem they attacked uses a much-simplified, unrealistic model of a material, “it makes you optimistic that this will work in other systems and more complicated algorithms”, says John Martinis, a physicist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who led the Google team to its 2019 milestone. Underdog technologies gain ground in quantum-computing race Crucially, they managed to work around quantum noise - the main obstacle for this technology because it introduces errors in calculations - to get reliable results. In a proof-of-principle experiment described in Nature on 14 June 1, the researchers simulated the behaviour of a magnetic material on IBM’s Eagle quantum processor. Now their counterparts at IBM say they have evidence that quantum computers will soon beat ordinary ones at useful tasks, such as calculating properties of materials or the interactions of elementary particles. Credit: Mandel Ngan/AFP via Gettyįour years ago, physicists at Google claimed their quantum computer could outperform classical machines - although only at a niche calculation with no practical applications. US President Joe Biden and IBM chief executive Arvind Krishna examine a quantum computer at the company’s facility in Poughkeepsie, New York. ![]()
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